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A short description about Pneumonia ?
Pneumonia is a lung infection that causes the air sacs in one or both lungs to become inflamed. Cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills, and trouble breathing can occur when the air sacs fill with fluid or pus (purulent material). Pneumonia can be caused by a variety of species, including bacteria, viruses, and fungus.
The severity of pneumonia can range from minor to life-threatening. Infants and young children, persons over the age of 65, and people with health problems or compromised immune systems are the most vulnerable.
Symptoms https://www.realpharmaneeds.com/buy-paxil-online.html
Symptoms range from moderate to severe, depending on the type of germ that caused the illness, as well as your age and overall health. Mild signs and symptoms are sometimes mistaken for those of a cold or the flu, but they stay much longer.
• Chest pain when you breathe or cough
• Confusion or changes in mental awareness (in adults age 65 and older)
• Cough, which may produce phlegm
• Fatigue
• Fever, sweating and shaking chills
• Lower than normal body temperature (in adults older than age 65 and people with weak immune systems)
• Nausea, vomiting or diarrhea
• Shortness of breath
Newborns and infants may not show any sign of the infection. Or they may vomit, have a fever and cough, appear restless or tired and without energy, or have difficulty breathing and eating.
The signs and symptoms of viral pneumonia usually appear over a few days. Fever, a dry cough, headache, muscle discomfort, and weakness are among the early symptoms, which are similar to those of influenza. The symptoms usually worsen within a day or two, with a worsening cough, shortness of breath, and muscle soreness. A high fever and blueness of the lips are possible symptoms.
Symptoms may differ depending on the demographic. The illness may be undetected in newborns and infants. Alternatively, they may vomit, have a fever and cough, or appear restless, unwell, exhausted, and drained. There may be fewer and milder symptoms in older persons and people with major illnesses or weakened immune systems. They may even have a lower than normal temperature. Older adults who have pneumonia sometimes have sudden changes in mental awareness. For individuals that already have a chronic lung disease, those symptoms may worsen. They may even have a lower than normal temperature. Older adults who have pneumonia sometimes have sudden changes in mental awareness. For individuals that already have a chronic lung disease, those symptoms may worsen.
Causes
Pneumonia can be caused by a variety of bacteria. Bacteria and viruses in the air we breathe are the most frequent. These viruses are generally prevented from infecting your lungs by your body. Even if your health is normally strong, these pathogens can sometimes overwhelm your immune system.
Pneumonia is categorised based on the bacteria that cause it and where the infection occurred.
Community-acquired pneumonia
1. Bacteria - Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia in the United States. This type of pneumonia can develop on its own or as a result of a cold or virus. It can infect just one lobe of the lung, which is known as lobar pneumonia.
2. Organisms that look like bacteria - Pneumonia can also be caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. It usually causes less severe symptoms than other types of pneumonia. Walking pneumonia is a colloquial term for a type of pneumonia that isn't severe enough to necessitate bed rest.
3. Fungi - People with chronic health problems or weakened immune systems, as well as those who have inhaled large amounts of the organisms, are more likely to get this type of pneumonia. The fungi that cause it can be found in soil or bird droppings, and their symptoms differ depending on where you live.
4. Viruses - COVID-19 is one of the viruses. Pneumonia can be caused by viruses that cause colds and the flu. Viruses are the leading cause of pneumonia in children under the age of five. In most cases, viral pneumonia is a minor illness. However, in other situations, it can be quite dangerous. Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has the potential to cause pneumonia, which can be life-threatening.
Health care-acquired pneumonia
People who live in long-term care homes or who receive care in outpatient clinics, such as kidney dialysis centers, might contract health-care-acquired pneumonia. Health-care-acquired pneumonia, including hospital-acquired pneumonia, can be caused by bacteria that are antibiotic-resistant.
Pneumonia due to aspiration
When you inhale food, drink, vomit, or saliva into your lungs, you get aspiration pneumonia. If something disrupts your usual gag response, such as a brain damage or swallowing issue, or if you drink or use drugs excessively, you're more likely to aspirate.
Hospital-acquired pneumonia
Some patients get pneumonia while in the hospital for another reason. Because the bacterium that causes it may be more resistant to medications and because the people who receive it are already sick, hospital-acquired pneumonia can be dangerous. This type of pneumonia is more common in those who use breathing devices (ventilators), which are commonly employed in intensive care units.
Prevention
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• Get vaccinated. Vaccines are available to prevent some types of pneumonia and the flu. Talk with your doctor about getting these shots. The vaccination guidelines have changed over time so make sure to review your vaccination status with your doctor even if you recall previously receiving a pneumonia vaccine.
• Make sure children get vaccinated. Doctors recommend a different pneumonia vaccine for children younger than age 2 and for children ages 2 to 5 years who are at particular risk of pneumococcal disease. Children who attend a group child care center should also get the vaccine. Doctors also recommend flu shots for children older than 6 months.
• Practice good hygiene. To protect yourself against respiratory infections that sometimes lead to pneumonia, wash your hands regularly or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
• Don't smoke. Smoking damages your lungs' natural defenses against respiratory infections.
• Keep your immune system strong. Get enough sleep, exercise regularly and eat a healthy diet.
Topics: pneumonia, treatment
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