Mark L.

What is an Arduino? Arduino is an open-source hardware and software platform that is used to build and program electronic devices. It consists of a microcontroller, which is a small computer that can be programmed to control different components like LEDs, sensors, motors, and other electronic devices. Arduino boards come in a variety of sizes and shapes, and they can be easily connected to a computer through a USB cable. They also have a variety of inputs and outputs, including digital and analog pins, which allow them to interact with a wide range of electronic components. Can I connect stepper motor directly to Arduino? Yes, you can connect a stepper motor directly to an Arduino. To connect a stepper motor, you will need to identify the stepper motor's wiring and the corresponding pins on your Arduino board. A stepper motor typically has four or six wires, and the wires are usually labeled A, A', B, B', C, and C'. Here are the general steps to connect a stepper motor to an Arduino: Identify the stepper motor's wiring and the corresponding pins on your Arduino board. Connect the stepper motor's wires to the appropriate pins on the Arduino board. For example, if your stepper motor has four wires, you can connect wire A to pin 8, wire A' to pin 9, wire B to pin 10, and wire B' to pin 11. Upload a stepper motor control program to your Arduino board. You can find a variety of stepper motor control programs online or use the stepper motor library that comes with the Arduino IDE. Run the stepper motor control program on your Arduino board to control the stepper motor's movement. Note that the specific steps and wiring configuration may vary depending on the type of stepper motor and the Arduino board you are using. It is always recommended to consult the datasheets and/or user manuals for your specific components to ensure proper wiring and control.

Choosing the right motor for a CNC mill, lathe or router depends on several factors, including the requirements of the project and the characteristics of the motor. Here are some important factors to consider when choosing a motor for a CNC machine: Power requirements: The power required by the motor depends on the size and weight of the machine, the type of material being worked on, and the cutting speed required. Generally, a larger motor will be needed for heavier and tougher materials. Speed range: The motor should be capable of operating at different speeds to handle different cutting requirements. The speed range of the motor should be matched to the capabilities of the machine. Torque requirements: The torque requirement depends on the type of material being cut, the depth of cut, and the speed of the machine. A motor with higher torque will be needed for tougher materials or deeper cuts. Type of motor: There are various types of motors available, such as stepper motors, servo motors, and DC motors. Each type of motor has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the choice will depend on the specific requirements of the project. Control system: The motor should be compatible with the control system of the CNC machine. The control system can determine the type of motor that is required, as well as the type of driver and power supply that will be needed. Budget: The cost of the motor will depend on its power, speed, torque, and type. It is important to balance the requirements of the project with the available budget. Overall, the choice of motor for a CNC mill, lathe, or router depends on the specific requirements of the project, as well as the characteristics of the machine and the control system. It is important to carefully consider all of these factors before making a decision.

The Advantages and Application of a Planetary Reducer Widely used in many industries and having strong practicability, the planetary reducer covers a wider range of applications. Today, let’s talk about the advantages and application industries of planetary reducers, so that everyone can better understand this product. The Advantages of a Planetary Reducer 1.Improving the efficiency of operation The planetary reducer can be used together with the servo motor to increase the torque. Therefore, increasing the speed of the servo motor doubles the power density of the entire servo system. It can well improve the operating efficiency of the entire mechanical equipment. 2.Increasing the output torque In ordinary mechanical operation, if we want to increase the output torque of the servo motor, we have to choose a high-power servo motor, which is not only expensive, but also requires a relatively strong structure of the motor, so if we want to increase the torque, we can use a planetary reducer for its relative low price and satisfying effects. 3.High precision and heavy load Planetary reducers can be used when high-precision positioning is required and need to load heavily. In some industries such as robotics, medical and military industries, it is commonly featured by the torque required by itself actually exceeding that of a servo motor. So this problem can be well solved by planetary gear reducer. 4.Small Size and Unique Structure The planetary reducer has the characteristics and advantages of stable operation, low noise and large number of teeth, and its unique structure can also minimize vibration and noise. The Application of a Planetary Reducer Planetary reducers are widely used in many industries such as construction machinery, medical equipment, instrumentation, automobiles, construction machinery and other industries. It is also expected that the planetary reducers can make a great difference to more industries.

Common Problems and Solutions of Planetary Reducer 1. the worn planetary gear tooth and gluing, pitting, grinding deviation and introduction (especially the pinion speed is very easy to wear) may cause vibration of the reducer. Treatment: timely replacement of severely worn gears. Generally can use the reverse running method to solve the tooth surface serious gluing. 2.the planetary reducer gears of the meshing surface contact and uneven force, so that the axial movement of the gear frequently, the occurrence of tooth fracture or tooth ring fracture, as well as spoke cracks, etc., causing vibration of the reducer. Treatment: replace the damaged parts; adjust the gear ring and spoke door with; replace the gear of tooth wear over limit; adjust the bearing clearance; improve gear lubrication, etc. 3. planetary reducer high-speed shaft and medium-speed shaft slide key wear introduced, shaft pinion coupling bolts have loosened or fracture caused by reducer vibration. Treatment: replace the sliding keys and broken bolts, tighten the loose bolts. 4. planetary reducer gear rough machining and shaft and bearing wear, in normal operation, the tooth ring non-working surface stress, causing vibration of the reducer. Treatment: replace the parts that meet the processing accuracy and roughness requirements; remove the worn shaft and bearings. 5. planetary gears and shaft with a large amount of interference, so that the shaft breaks at the fit caused by the vibration of the reducer. Treatment: replace the broken shaft, adjust the gear and shaft with the amount of interference. 6. planetary gear and shaft shaft hole fit tolerance such as hole is too large, resulting in gears and shafts are not concentric, or gears and shafts are not properly assembled to produce loose phenomenon, causing vibration of the reducer. Treatment: adjust the gear and shaft shaft hole fit tolerance; careful assembly to prevent loosening. 7. planetary reducer output shaft gear wheel center and ring loosening, side pressure plate activities or pressure plate bolts have loose or broken, as well as the large gear static balance or unbalance, causing vibration of the reducer. Treatment: tighten the wheel center and tooth ring; tighten the pressure plate bolts, replace the broken bolts; improve the balance of the large gear.

How to Reduce the Overheating of a Servo Motor As an operating element of mechanical equipment, servo motors get widely used in the servo systems. Sometimes the heating of the operating servo motors may make us a wonder whether it is normal if we lack some professional knowledge. Actually, it is a widespread phenomenon that motor cause heat when working. But overheating needs our attention to reduce its temperature. The temperature which the motor can be reached depends on the insulation. General speaking, the motor will not be damaged unless the internal temperatures is higher than 130 C and the outer temperature should below 90 C. Therefore, 70-80 C of the outer side of motor is the normal temperature. Except for the thermometer to measure, we can also distinguish by hand. If we can touch it for 1-2 seconds, then the temperature should within 60C. If we can touch it for less than 1 second, the temperature should be about 70-80 C. And if we drip some drops of water on it, the vaporization of water activation collateral clarifies that the temperature is above 90 C. Of course, we can also use a professional thermometer to test. According to the principle of the server motor, to reduce the overheating is to reduce the copper loss and iron loss. There are two ways to reduce copper loss, reducing resistance and reducing current, which demands us to select the motor with lower current. In the terms of two-phase motor, we have better select series motor. But this usually conflicts with requests for moments and speeds. For the currently selected motor, the active half-current operation function of the driver and the offline function should be fully utilized. But there are not many ways to reduce the iron loss. The voltage level is related to the iron loss. So when we select an appropriate motor, its high speed, stability, heat, and noise should also be considered. The heating of motors is a normal situation. As long as the temperature is not too high, there is no need to worry about that.

How to Set the Subdivision of the Digital Stepper Driver 1.In the terms of setting the value of a digital stepper driver, the higher the subdivision value, the higher the control resolution on common sense. For two-phase motor, the calculation method of pulse equivalent is as follows: pulse equivalent = lead screw pitch ÷ subdivision number ÷ 200. 2.Takeoff Speed: This parameter corresponds to the take-off frequency of the stepper motor, meaning that the motor can start working without acceleration. The proper selection of this parameter can improve the processing efficiency and avoid the low-speed section with poor motion characteristics. However, the value is set too large, it will cause stuffy cars. So a margin must be left. 3.Axial acceleration: Used to describe the acceleration and deceleration capacity of a single feed shaft. This index is determined by the physical characteristics of the machine tool, such as the quality of the moving part, the torque of the feed motor, resistance, cutting load, etc. The greater this value, the more efficient it will be, meaning the less time will be spent in acceleration and deceleration during exercise. General speaking, in terms of stepper motors, this value should between 100 and 500. While for servo motors, it can be set between 400 and 1200. When setting, the value should small and the motor should do repeated exercise for a while. Pay attention to it. If no abnormalities can be observed, then the value can be increased. If any abnormalities are found, the value should be reduced and leave a 50%~100% insurance balance. 4.Bend acceleration: Used to describe the acceleration and deceleration capabilities of multiple feed axes when they are in motion. It determines the speed of the machine tool in circular motion. The larger this value is, the higher the allowable speed of the machine tool in circular motion is. The value of lathe which is consisted of stepper motors should kept within 400 to 1000. And the value of servo motors should be 1000 and 5000. If it is a heavy lathe, the value should be adjusted smaller. When setting, the value should small and the motor should do repeated exercise for a while. Pay attention to it. If no abnormalities can be observed, then the value can be increased. If any abnormalities are found, the value should be reduced and leave a 50%~100% insurance balance. 5.According to the position where the three null-point sensors are installed, the user can set the parameter to return back to the mechnical origin. When the user sets correctly, he can run the Operation menu. 6.Setting the automobile refueling parameters and judging whether it is right. If it is correct, the parameters should be adjusted to meet the practical demand. 7.Then the user should judge whether the setting value of the electronic gear matches that figure of pulse equivalence. The user can make a mark on any axis of the machine tool, which can be seen as the working zero point. By inputting the command directly, jogging or manual operating, the axis can move a fixed distance. A vernier caliper can be used to measure whether the actual distance is consistent with the distance displayed in the software. 8.The last step is to measure whether there is pulse loss. The user can adopt a method like this: he can use a sharp knife to mark a point on a semi-finished product and set the point as the origin. The Z axis should be raised and set to 0. And then make the lathe exercise repeatedly. But be careful, the practical speed of these three axes should be limited.